A Systematic review of mangrove resilience to climate variability

Abstract

This systematic literature review synthesizes recent research on the resilience of mangroves in response to climate variability. Mangroves play a crucial role in coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation. However, climate variability, including extreme weather events, sea level rise, and changing precipitation patterns, poses significant challenges to mangrove ecosystems. Using Covidence for article selection and analysis, this study aims to establish a fundamental basis for the investigation of the relationship between climate variability and mangrove resilience. This study employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure methodological accuracy and transparency. A search of the Scopus database (2014–2024) identified n = 223 records, which after screening and eligibility assessment, resulted in n = 44 studies included in the final synthesis. Data extraction captured bibliographic, ecological, and methodological variables such as climate drivers, mangrove species, resilience indicators, and analytical tools. This review concludes that strengthening mangrove resilience requires integrated socio-ecological strategies that combine ecological processes with adaptive governance, sediment management, and community-based adaptation. Addressing research gaps through geographically and interdisciplinary approaches will be crucial for enhancing the role of mangroves in climate adaptation and sustainable coastal management. The findings underscore the importance of mangroves in relation to the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDGs 13 (Climate Action), 14 (Life Below Water), and 15 (Life on Land).

Keywords: Mangrove resilience, climate variability, coastal ecosystems, socio-ecological adaptation, systematic review